Investing in music royalties has become an increasingly popular way to diversify an investment portfolio while also supporting the music industry. Music royalties are payments that rights holders, such as songwriters, publishers, artists, and labels, receive for the use of their music. There are two main types of music royalties: publishing royalties and recorded music royalties. Each type has its own revenue flow and benefits for investors.
Music Publishing Royalties:
Mechanical Royalties: Mechanical royalties are earned when a song is reproduced or distributed, such as when a song is streamed, downloaded, or sold as a physical copy. These royalties are collected by performance rights organizations (PROs) and mechanical rights organizations (MROs) like Harry Fox Agency (HFA) in the US. Investors can invest in catalogs of songs and earn a portion of the mechanical royalties generated from various sources.
Public Performance Royalties: Public performance royalties are earned when a song is played in public, including on the radio, in live performances, in clubs, and through streaming services. PROs like ASCAP, BMI, and SESAC collect these royalties and distribute them to the songwriters and publishers. Investing in public performance royalties involves acquiring a stake in the future earnings of a song’s public performances.
Sync Licensing Royalties: Sync licensing royalties are earned when a song is used in media like films, TV shows, commercials, and video games. These royalties are split between the music publisher and the sync licensing agency. Investors can invest in catalogs of songs with strong potential for sync placements and receive a share of the earnings from these uses.
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Recorded Music Royalties:
Sales Royalties: Sales royalties are earned from the sale of recorded music, including digital downloads and physical copies like CDs and vinyl. When a song is purchased, a portion of the revenue goes to the artist and the label. Investors can invest in recorded music catalogs and earn a portion of the revenue generated from sales.
Streaming Royalties: Streaming royalties are earned when a song is played on streaming platforms like Spotify, Apple Music, and YouTube. These royalties are divided among the artist, the label, and sometimes the publisher. Investors can invest in recorded music catalogs and earn a share of the ongoing streaming revenue.
Sync Licensing Royalties for Recorded Music: Sync licensing royalties also pertain to recorded music. These royalties are generated when songs are licensed for synchronization with visual media, such as movies, TV shows, commercials, and video games. Just as with sync licensing for publishing, a portion of the revenue is shared between the music publisher and the sync licensing agency. Investors in recorded music catalogs that have high potential for sync placements can benefit from a share of the earnings that arise from these lucrative opportunities.
Benefits of Investing in Music Royalties
- Steady Income Stream: Music royalties provide a consistent source of income, as music continues to be consumed across various platforms and media.
- Diversification: Investing in music royalties diversifies your investment portfolio beyond traditional assets like stocks and bonds.
- Non-Correlation: Music royalties often have a low correlation with traditional financial markets, making them potentially resistant to market fluctuations.
- Passive Investment: Once acquired, music royalties require relatively little ongoing management, making them a passive investment option.
Creative Industry Exposure: Investing in music royalties allows you to support artists, songwriters, and the music industry as a whole.
Distribution to Rights Holders
For both publishing and recorded music royalties, the distribution process involves several steps:
- Collection: PROs, MROs, and other relevant organizations collect royalties from various sources, such as radio stations, streaming platforms, and sync licensing deals.
- Administration: These organizations process the data related to music usage and calculate the appropriate royalties owed to the rights holders.
- Allocation: The collected royalties are divided among the relevant rights holders, including songwriters, publishers, artists, and labels, according to established agreements and ownership splits.
- Distribution: The collected and allocated royalties are then distributed to the respective rights holders based on their ownership shares.
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